Management Theory And Management Function Essay - 1149 Words

According to the management theory, management is the process that is used by managers and leaders to attain goals through other people and with other people. Leaders make use of this process to achieve objectives/goals in the most efficient ways (Robbins Coulter, 2012). The management theory is made up of 4 management functions; that is planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. Planning: this is the first management function. Since processes are by and large interdependent, every function of management starts with planning. Leading: this management function entails motivating or directing other people to work towards the collective organizational goals. Managers in an organization use the leading function to increase the productivity of employees, develop a better service/product, or improve the morale of workers (Mitzberg, 2013). Organizing: this management function is a constant effort all through a project s life. Organizing establishes and assesses the organization s stru ctures. Controlling: this final management function links the function of planning through comparing the planned performance against the actual performance. The managers can then choose if adjustments or changes are required (Robbins Coulter, 2012). Theme 1 SWOT analysis is of great importance as it provides the planner with the information that can be used to answer this critical question: where are we? 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The, Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus - 1382 Words

Ave, Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus, I will make this report concise as to not waste your time since I know you are a busy man and have an empire to run. I have separated the report of the outline for your amphitheatre into five parts. The five parts consist of the following: 1) Location 2) Size 3) Accessibility 4) Arena structure and features 5) Funding I. I propose that we construct the amphitheatre to the right of Saepta Julia in the Campus Martius. The amphitheatre will be built in between the Isis Campensis and the Via Flaminia. Such a location has been chosen after much consideration because of the extensive amount of open space available to build the amphitheatre as well as its close proximity to the heart of Rome. Moreover, the location is beneficial in the sense that it would be constructed nearby the Saepta Julia. Since the creation of the Saepta Julia was planned by your adopted father, Julius Caesar, and dedicated to his daughter to honour you after it was finished, if your amphitheatre were to be built close to it, the area surrounding both structures will become like a district, the Julio-Claudian district. II. To ensure that your amphitheatre is exemplary of Rome’s excellence and worthy of the Julio-Claudian dynasty, I propose that the total area of the amphitheatre and accompanying structures cover approximately 17,579 square metres. Evidently, a building of such size would not be possible if there was not enough room to build it on; however,Show MoreRelatedGaius Octavius Augustus: First Emperor of the Roman Empire1498 Words   |  6 PagesGaius Octavius Augustus First Emperor of the Roman Empire  Clinton Jenkins Hum 121 Octavius Research Paper 10/11/12 Gaius Octavius Augustus First Emperor of the Roman Empire Gaius Octavius, better known to historians as Augustus, succeeded his great uncle Julius Caesar following his assassination. In his wake, Augustus would become the first Emperor of the newly formed Roman Empire and bring massive, sweeping revisions to Roman law as well as centralize the government, militaryRead MoreJulius Caesar : The Great Expansionist1681 Words   |  7 PagesDr. Pursell Caesar Augustus: The Great Expansionist Was Caesar Augustus an expansionist? Granted, he obviously enlarged the Roman Empire through a series of conquests during his reign. However, were those conquests for defensive or offensive reasons? That is the question we must ask when examining the foreign policy of the first Roman Emperor, Imperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus, or simply Augustus. As the founder of the Roman Empire, ruling from 27 B.C.-14 A.D., Augustus inherited aRead MoreJulius Caesar Divi : The Second Triumvirate1428 Words   |  6 PagesImperator Caesar Divi Filius Augustus, along with being a mastered politician, he also surpassed at getting Roman people to do what he wanted them to do voluntarily, and he managed to keep the aspect of the Republic up and running for the length of his session as an emperor. After the assassination of his adoptive father, Julius Caesar, Octavian introduced himself in the political leadership in 44 BC. During this time, the army was loyal to their general therefore Octavian paid all of Caesar’s armed

Patriotic speech free essay sample

What is patriotism? We all know that it is the love and devotion to ones country, but what does that really mean? Is it love of ones birthplace, the place of childhoods hopes and dreams? Is it the place where, we would watch the passing clouds, and wonder why we, too, could not float so swiftly through life today? Or is it the place where we would sit on Mothers knee, enraptured by tales of great deeds and conquests? In short, is it love for the place, where we belong, and have done many noble deeds and good things If that were patriotism, few men and women from our country today would be called upon to be patriotic. What then is patriotism? â€Å"Patriotism isn’t short frenzied outbursts of emotion, but the tranquil and steady dedication of a lifetime† said Adlia Stevenson, 5th United States ambassador to the United Nations, saying this he was trying to get the word out that patriotism isn’t earned, you just have it or you don’t. We will write a custom essay sample on Patriotic speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page he was trying to say that if you scream â€Å" I love America! † sure people will know that you love your country but, patriotism is really, just slow and simple like waving and giving an appreciative smile to a veteran passing by, showing one of the essentials of patriotism. The true meaning of patriotism and how to show it is hidden within the qualities of love for your country, dedication, and simply saying the pledge of allegiance. To be patriotic, do you have to be someone big and important that fights in war(s), like a veteran? You are definitely patriotic for doing so, but you can do stuff everyday way more simple than that and be a patriotic person. You show patriotism by saying thank you to a veteran, removing your hat for the star spangled banner, and even just saying the pledge of allegiance. It might not seem like a lot, but when you break the pledge into pieces, you understand the meaning of it. It’s not just a pledge we say before school everyday for fun, it means that we are patriotic, and we love America. So saying â€Å"I pledge of allegiance to the flag of the united states of America† (and so on) we are pledging our loyalty to America. That saying itself is patriotic. And saying it everyday shows that you are loyal and dedicated to America. You show a steady dedication of patriotism by saying something as simple as the pledge of allegiance. Dedication is when someone is dedicated or committed to a task or purpose. So being dedicated to your country is putting you best foot forward and showing true patriotism! Not by and outburst screaming â€Å"I’m patriotic and America is amazing† that is patriotism but is that true dedication? Does that show that you want people to know you are thankful for what many veterans have gone through so that we could be a free country? America is a free country today, and we wouldn’t be in the position we are in today if it weren’t for those dedicated veterans. Being dedicated to your country is a main essential of patriotism. How can you show that you love America? Take a moment and ask yourself, do I love America with all my heart? Having dedication and arrogance to America means that you love the place in which you belong.. Patriotism isn’t just the fact of having strong devotion to America, You can be patriotic by letting your love shine through when you are saying the pledge or holding you right hand over your heart during the star spangled banner. You might not notice it but people really do a lot of things to show that they love America. You don’t need to wear red white and blue every day. You just need to show the true meaning of patriotism, Love for your country and dedication towards America. Patriotism. The love and devotion to one’s country. Take a second and think about it, what does patriotism mean to you? How can somebody show patriotism? Famous Adlai Stevenson once said that â€Å"patriotism isn’t short frenzied outbursts of emotion, but the tranquil and steady dedication of a life time†. Meaning that you don’t do something quick, fast, and easy to be patriotic. You show your love to the country, your dedication to the country, and arrogance all throughout your life. So ponder the thought that patriotism, is forever.

Short Story Situational Irony free essay sample

Situational irony is when a character’s actions have the opposite of their intended effect. There are clear instances of situational irony found in the short stories, â€Å"Prodigal Son†, â€Å"The Gift of the Magi†, and â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†. All of these stories have characters that found themselves in an unexpected circumstance. The biblical story, â€Å"Prodigal Son†, is about a father who plans to leave his sons an inheritance after he dies but his younger son asked his father for his share of the fortune early. The son was granted his money but knew he could no longer claim his family as his own. The young man moves to another country and lives a lavish lifestyle that only lasted a short while. He soon ran out of money and was starving during a famine. The son returns to his father, not asking for forgiveness or to be called his son, but asking to work as his father’s servant. We will write a custom essay sample on Short Story Situational Irony or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Prepared to live amongst the pigs, the son was shocked by his father’s warm welcome. His father dressed him in a fine robe, a ring and shoes. There was a fattened calf for the son and all his friends to feast on at his party to welcome him home. The son’s plea to live as a servant and stay with the pigs after being selfish and greedy was ironic because his father was joyed by his return and gave him more than expected. The son thought he would return to be a worker and was happily surprised to return to be accepted back by his father. â€Å"The Gift of the Magi†, by O. Henry, is about a couple that was living a modest life but wanted to buy something special for each other on Christmas. Della only had $1. 87 to buy Jim a gift and she needed a way to come up with more money. She found place that was willing to buy hair. Della had long, flowing hair that beautifully cascaded down to her knees and she took much pride in it but she cut it off to sell for twenty dollars. Della now had enough money to buy Jim a platinum chain for his cherished gold watch that had been in his family for generations. Jim came home later that night and was surprised to see Della with no hair. She was hurt by the look he gave her because she only cut her hair off for him but she didn’t know the real reason why he was looking at her that way. When she opened her gift from Jim, she was surprised with a set of beautiful combs she has had her eye on for a very long time. Jim had to sell his watch to buy her the combs, so he had no watch for his chain and she had no hair for her combs. The presents they bought for each other showed love and sacrifice and that’s better than any gift money could buy. The situational irony is that Della was selfless in giving up what she loved in order to give Jim something to better his most precious belonging just to find out he did the same for her. In the short story, â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper†, there is a woman who’s physician husband, John, rented a house for the summer and puts her in an upstairs room so she can recover from temporary nervous depression. John believes if she does not strain herself with work she will rest up and be back to her normal, healthy self. His wife did not agree with this tactic and although she was not happy in the room she was forced to stay in all day, she stayed. She noticed her temper had gotten much worse with John as time went on and she struggled to maintain her happiness being stuck in the room with the ugly yellow wallpaper. After weeks of being cooped up in the dingy room, she started to see things. She saw someone with a broken neck and bulbous eye that crawled all over the walls. She was up with terror every night finding horrifying things hidden in the wallpaper. Eventually she found a woman that seemed to be stuck in the wallpaper. She locked herself in the room and refused to leave once the lease is up. The woman circles the room scratching off the wallpaper in order to set the woman free. Once john goes into the room, he is blown away by the craziness he is witnessing. His wife dragging herself around the room having scratched all the paper off claiming that she is now set free. John’s original intention was to help his wife who was suffering a slight depression and his course of action caused her to go into a complete psychotic breakdown. The irony is that John secluding his wife for her own good was actually the force pushing her downfall. The three short stories discussed are all clear examples of how an author can use situational irony to add an unanticipated twist in the plot. When the characters intentions don’t match the result, it adds a surprise no one was expecting.

Learning and Teaching Essays

Learning and Teaching Essays Learning and Teaching Essay Learning and Teaching Essay TASK 1 A critical analysis of an individual child’s observed learning behaviour during a teaching session and analysis of the implications for their further learning and their support needs (i. e. the TA’s possible role in supporting and developing further learning) (1500 words) INTRODUCTION This essay is about how I, as a teaching assistant (TA), develop my understanding of how my learners learn and develop. I will rename the teacher as Ms K and the students as student M throughout the context. I have been assisting Ms K in Year 2C class for 3 months. The subject of the observation is student M from Iran, whose learning I analysed during a 40 minutes English lesson. I have known the student for 3 months, and as treats me like a friend, is honest and open with me. He discusses his favourite movies, toys, games and even confides in me. I have noticed that he is loquacious and as I give him more time, he has a closer relationship with me as compared to Ms K. I tend to spend my time with my learners during breaks. I have never experienced problem communicating with student M as he is able to speak good English, although he sometimes struggles with reading and writing. According to Janine Murphy ‘A teacher must be flexible and observant†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (2011), so as a TA, I feel I should be more observant of the strengths, interests and learning needs of my learners. STUDENT M’s BACKGROUND Student M is from Iran and is 8 years old. He is slightly overweight and one of the tallest in the class. He does not like to sit at the same place for a long time and he prefers waking around the class and dancing. I often see him bullying his friends, pushing them break, hitting them whenever he likes and also annoying them by singing loudly in class. He is quite sensitive when someone scolds him, but he never cries. He communicates well with other students and teachers. Moreover, he enjoys Physical Education (PE) and Dance most, as he gets to be more active and he works finely in group activities. He seems to hate English and this is maybe due to the way Ms K delivers her lessons which may not be able to conducive to his kinaesthetic learning style. The majority of the students in 2C class also seem to have a kinaesthetic style. According to David Glen â€Å"Almost certainly, you were told that your instruction should match your students learning styles†¦Now four psychologists argue that you were told wrong. There is no strong scientific evidence to support the â€Å"matching† idea†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2009) I totally do not agree with that statement because I feel that by complying the needs of a learner will actually make them more interested to learn something rather than just wasting time in a place where they do not like. There are for 4 aspects I have observed, learning style: 1. Personality and Learning style 2. Experience and interest 3. Stage of development 4. Abilities DEFINATION OF KINAESTHETIC We keep hearing things like, â€Å"My mind works better when I’m doing something physical, like running or walking. â€Å"I like spending all my free time in the open air. † â€Å"I enjoy working with my hands. † All these form kinaesthetic intelligence. According to Ian Ducket â€Å"Kinaesthetic learners usually tend to remember things that they do and experience and may tend to tap their pencil or pen during a lesson†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (n. d) As a TA I would try my best to make sure my learners will experience a perfect learning environment with suitable resources used to help them to understand more effectively. According to learning specialist,  Pat Wyman, M. A. , concept †¦is the importance of matching input and  output in teaching. For example, it  may be obvious to  anyone that a child cannot acquire the skill of swimming  (output) by reading  about it in a book. He has to get in the water and practice the  skill (input)†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2012) LESSON DELIVERED BY MS K ON 14/112011 FROM 10. 40am – 11. 20am I have chosen English lesson to observe and it is a teaching session of one period which is equivalent to 40 minutes Time| Record of Observation| 10. 40am – 10. 55am| Ms K entered the class and ordered them to sit on the floor in front of her. Then she did a recall session with them based on what they previously learnt, but I noticed student M was not paying attention as he was talking and singing to himself. Ms K read them a story titled ‘Secret’ from their Fitzroy book. The story is about a boy who cannot keep secrets and ends up destroying himself. Ms K told student M to be quite. However, he didn’t take notice, so, I decided to sit next to him on the floor. I was helping him to read the story step by step, as I am aware of his limited reading ability. However, he was not interested in reading, so I briefly explained about the story to him. I used examples and face expressions which engaged him and he even gave examples related to his experience. | 10. 55am – 11. 10am| After reading them the story, Ms K asked them to sit at their desks and wrote 5 questions on the whiteboard. All the students were required to copy the questions into their exercise book. Rather than, copying the questions, student M was busy doodling in his book. According to Shelley Vernon  Ã¢â‚¬Å"†¦Kinaesthetic learners are often the students who just dont get what youre trying to teach in a traditional lecture or worksheet based lesson. Kinaesthetic learners take in information best when they use their whole bodies to complete practice exercises†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Ã‚  (2008) Ms K tried her best to persuade him to copy the questions, but in vain. He did copy a few letters as Ms K observed him, but once she left, he continued drawing and started singing again. Ms K told him if he does it again she will complain to his mother. Instead of obeying her, he replied saying that his mother was scared of him and he had even hit his mother before. He also stated that his dad does not say anything to him. I helped him to spell the words so it would be easier for him to write. In order to gauge his level. I asked him to write down the alphabets. From the result, it was clear that student M (the name of the students is not written for the anonymity of the institution, students and staff) does not know all the alphabets, and if the letters he knew, he wrote some upside down. Eventually, he did copy the questions but did not answer them due to a shortage of time. | 11. 10am – 11. 20am| Next, Ms K asked them to sit again on the floor in front of her to go through the answer with them. She picked a few students to read out their answers. One of those was student M who surprisingly answered the question correctly. Ms K did correct a few students who answered wrongly. At the end of the period, Ms K collected all the books to be marked. | WHAT COULD I HAVE DONE TO SUPPORT THE LEARNERS As a TA I would never make my learners feel scared of me because this will cause them to not share their problems with me. I would also sit with them and guide them to do their work and if there is having any doubt, I will always be there to clear their confusion. However, I would make sure that the class environment is suitable with the needs of my learners such as I have decorated the class with more pictures as I know that my learners prefer to see rather than reading. According to Terry Farwell â€Å"Once students understand their learning styles, they can better adapt to their learning environment†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2012). Since I know it is impossible to expect them to sit quietly for long and listen to something without experiencing it physically so it is better to give them tools and equipment to use in class. Rather than stopping them from moving, it is better to let their bodies build up through expression, enabling them to grow up into inspired individuals. WHAT I WOULD HAVE DONE AS A TEACHER Since I know that student M is a kinaesthetic learner, I would have created a lesson plan which involved more moving activity. According to Erin, â€Å"While some students can learn effectively through quiet study, others gain the most information through active learning activities. If you are charged with the task of teaching English to a kinaesthetic learner, you can increase the effectiveness of the lessons you offer by mixing movement into your learning activities†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2012) At the beginning of the lesson I would have read them the story then I asked them to do role play in 4 groups where every group had a peer guide to guide the weaker ones. This way, student M would have had the chance to show off his talent, move around and talk loudly as he loves to. Once they had performed their role play, I would have asked them to remain in their groups and called every group leader to come forward to choose a question. They are required to show their answer in the form of a picture or drawing. According to Elizabeth, she stated â€Å"†¦kinaesthetic learners sometimes process information such as class notes better by drawing pictures than by writing words. Kinaesthetic learners may need to draw models, write in different colours if taking text notes and use highlighters to help them concentrate†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2011). Thus, this would give student M the opportunity to show his talent at drawing. Furthermore, this activity would not only have benefited student M; it will also benefit other students as well since they all love colouring. Finally, every group would present their drawing and explain their answer to the class. Elizabeth also stated that â€Å"Allow kinaesthetic learners to assess orally through simple answers, presentations, poems or songs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (2011) and I have to agree with her statements. Student M would learn the story twice and thus improve his thinking and imagining skills. I have also noticed that Ms K does not like any interruption when she is teaching even if students want to ask questions. If I were the teacher I would have given students the opportunity to ask questions, on condition that if they wish to ask a question they must first raise their hands and get permission. Ms K told me the reason she wants them to copy the questions is because she wants them to improve their writing and at the same time memorize the spelling. I feel it is a good practice but unfortunately it does not fit the learning style of student M. CONCLUSION I HAVE MADE I feel that as a teacher assistant (TA), it is my responsibility to make sure that every learner gains something from a lesson, since I believe that the teacher is busy and she cannot give individual attention to all 19 students. Overall, I believe that as a TA, I will help student M to develop his skills by guiding him during learning session. I will try to divide my time equally everyday to all my learners so that no one will be left out. Albert Einstein once stated that â€Å"†¦he felt it in his muscles, when he was thinking about something that later proved to be very significant. This heightened kinesthetic sense tells us that helping develop this kinesthetic sensitivity from an early age, instead of suppressing it, will help people turning out to be more creative individuals†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2008) As a conclusion, I agree with Albert Einstein and I am also applying it in my role to support my learners. Furthermore, it is my responsibility to make sure my learners are in ease when the learning session is going on. REFERENCING Ducket, Ian. , (n. d) Effective Practice: Learning styles and their application for effective learning, Available at: itslifejimbutnotasweknowit. rg. uk/files/LearningStyles. pdf (date accessed: 05/01/2012) Farwell, Terry. , (2000 – 2012) Family Education: Visual, Auditory, Kinesthetic Learners, Available at: http://school. familyeducation. com/intelligence/teaching-methods/38519. html (date accessed: 09/01/2012) Glen, David. , (2009) Matching Teaching Style to Learning Style May Not Help Students, Available at: http://chronicle. c om/article/Matching-Teaching-Style-to/49497/ (date accessed: 03/01/2012) Guffanti, Stephen. , (2011) Learning Styles: What Does It Feels Like To Be A Kinesthetic Learner, Available at: howtolearn. om/2011/11/learning-styles-what-does-it-feel-like-to-be-a-kinesthetic-learner (date accessed: 10/01/2012) Hasan, (2008) ‘Understanding Kinesthetic Intelligence! ’ , Reaction Of Society, Available at: dirjournal. com/guides/understanding-kinesthetic-intelligence/ (date accessed: 12/01/2012) Murphy, Janine. , (2011) What Types of Communication Are Used in Teaching? , Available at: ehow. com/info_8420301_types-communications-used-teaching. html (date accessed: 25/12/2011) Schreiner, Erin. , (1999 – 2012) How to Teach English to Kinesthetic Learners, Available at: how. com/how_6914515_teach-english-kinesthetic-learners. html (date accessed: 10/01/2012) Stover, Elizabeth. , (2011) Adaptations for Kinesthetic Learners, Available at:: ehow. com/info_8718466_adaptations-ki nesthetic-learners. html (date accessed: 12/01/2012) Vernon, Shelley. , (2006 – 2012) Teaching English Games: How to Teach English For Different Learning Styles, Available at: teachingenglishgames. com/Articles/Learning_Styles. htm (date accessed: 09/01/2012) TABLE OF CONTENT FOR TASK 2 No | Topic / Area| Page| 1. | Introduction| 14 | 2. | Learner’s Background| 15 | 3. How have I plan my lesson relate to my learners needs| 15 – 16 | 4. | Session plan for learning session of 120 minutes| 16 – 18 | 5. | How do I make sure that learning has take place| 19 | 6. | Evaluation of my lesson plan| 20 – 21 | 7. | Conclusion I have made| 21| 8. | Reference| 22 – 23 | 9| Appendix| 24 – 32 | TASK 2 Plan and deliver a lesson in a core subject for a group of mixed ability pupils, ensuring that all are able to access learning through the use of a range of teaching strategies and resources. Include assessment opportunities and personalised provision as appropriate. Assess the learning that took place and evaluate the effectiveness of the planning and issues raised for consideration in future planning. The plan will form an appendix. The school’s preferred planning format can be used. INTRODUCTION This essay is about me, planning and delivering a Mathematics lesson for a group of mixed ability pupils for class PYP 1. PYP stands for Primary Year Programme. I have made sure that all my learners are able to access learning through the use of a range of teaching strategies and resources. I have also given them assessment to know their level of knowledge and how effective is my teaching towards them. As it is stated in the webpage of University of Western Australia â€Å"Assessment is that part of the learning process used to better understand the current knowledge that a student possesses†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Anon. , 2001) I will rename my mentor as Ms R throughout the context. I have been assisting Ms R for 3 months and I have gained a lot of knowledgeable information from Ms R. I planned my lesson by not repeating the mistakes done by Ms R since I have been observing her for 3 months and I have learnt the face expression and how they react towards learning. LEARNERS BACKGROUND PYP 1 students are 5 years old to 7 years old and they are from mixed countries. There are 19 students in this class and they have well spoken English. Since I know the type of learners I am handling with which I realised they are mostly kinaesthetic and visual learners so I will conduct an activity that requires them to move around such as swapping their places with their friends. In addition, I will also choose the materials I am going to use according to my learners needs so that they will feel comfortable during my session and will concentrate on their learning. I have identified the needs of my learners by conducting a diagnostic meeting and also observing them in the class when they are learning. I realised that they prefer to talk rather than listening and most of my learners prefer to learn by doing a moving activity. Every morning I am instructed by Ms R to collect their work book, while arranging their books I will check it before I hand it to Ms R and I usually will have a short conversation about our learners every morning. According to Kimberly Olver, the meaning of diagnostic meeting is â€Å"†¦which is concerned with how well the students understand the concepts of a particular part of the curriculum†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2012) HOW HAVE I PLAN MY LESSON RELATE TO MY LEARNERS NEEDS I have designed learning activities relate the learner needs by using ‘match and stretch’ method so that all the students will have the opportunity to fulfil their needs since not all the students requires the same learning style. Such as I will have more of visual r and kinaesthetic style of learning since the majority of my learners prefer not to read or listen but I will also have short activity involving reading complying the needs of other learners. There will be group activity and single activity I plan so that I will know their abilities on the subject and get to know my learner needs better. As it is stated that, To ensure the greatest probability of learning, we must carefully select and arrange activities that will produce the desired learning outcomes in our students. Only through careful planning can we be certain that we include all necessary information and have our lesson plan properly organized to achieve the lesson objective†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Anon. , n. d. ) The meaning of ‘match’ is when I comply with their needs of learning and the meaning of ‘stretch’ is when I go against their opposite needs. Such as, I give them quizzes using a projector and kinaesthetic learners will feel ‘stretch’ but will ‘match’ the visual learners. It is stated that â€Å"A learning stretch is defined as the demonstration of knowledge and research over and beyond previously learned material† (Anon. , n. d) There are quizzes (refer to appendix) and activity using projector. This will benefit the visual learners as they prefer to see pictures rather than reading. Furthermore, the worksheet that they will have to attempt requires them to move around. Such as, there will be 4 groups and each group will be located at a different area in the class and they have to swap places with another group in order to answer a new worksheet. SESSION PLAN FOR LEARNING SESSION OF 120 MINUTES Session title| Additions : two digit numbers with tens| Aim| To understand and able to solve mathematical addition involving two digit numbers by themselves| Learning objectives| By the end of the lesson, the students will be able to solve addition involving to two digit numbers in many kind of ways within 30 minutes| Plan Time| Teacher Activity| Learner Activity| Differentiation| Assessment| Materials / Resources| 5 minutes| Teacher recalls what is single and double digit is all about and provides a few examples for the students. Student listens to teacher and tries to understand. | I target prepared open and closed questions at students of my choice. This exercise will give me instant feedback on the quality of their previous lesson knowledge. | Discussion and Questionnaire| * Whiteboard * Marker | 5 minutes| Teacher asks students to come out and give example of addition that they have learnt previously and then teacher will choose a student to answer the question. | Student engages with teacher and other students when creating their own questions in front of the class. Students should be alert and prepare with answers because they might be the chosen one to solve the question. | Students will understand more when their peer provides examples and explain how to solve it because this will help the weaker students. | Discussion and Questionnaire| * Whiteboard * Marker | 5 minutes| Teacher divides the students into 4 groups consist of 5 people and every group has a peer guide. Teacher tells them that there are 3 worksheet and what each group is require to do and explain the instruction of the worksheets. They will be ask to finish each activity within 10 minutes. Students cooperate with the teacher by listening to her instruction and quietly move to the tables. | I choose the pairings based on which children I know can work together harmoniously. The seating arrangement is such that I can move freely between the pairs listening to their descriptions and evaluating their achievement. | Questionnaire | N/A| 30 minutes| Teacher shows where the needle of t he watch will be after 10 minutes and they have to stop doing and swap their place to another table where there is another sheet of question paper with a different type of question. Students view the clock on the wall while the teacher shows them when they should swap their places to proceed to the next activity. They start doing their worksheet in couples. | Record the achievement of each of my student, in particular who surprised me by being more or less able than I thought? | Group discussion and colouring the correct answer. | * Worksheet * Counters * Number cards * Number charts to 100 * Colour pencils| 10 minutes| Teacher collects the worksheets and asks the students to gather and ask them question based on what they have learnt. Students attempts to answer question given by teacher, based on their level of understanding from what student has learnt. | I will give them feedback on their worksheet which I have observed them doing so that they can improve themselves. | Discussio n and Questionnaire | * Whiteboard * Marker| 20 minutes| Teacher shows slides and examples of question and how to solve it. Teacher divides the students into 4 groups and starts a fun addition game with the students. | Students views slides shown by teacher. If unclear, students are supposed to ask teacher. Student engages with teacher and other students when playing the subtraction game. | I choose the pairings based on which children I know can work together harmoniously. The seating arrangement is such that I can move freely between the pairs listening to their descriptions and evaluating their achievement. | Discussion and Questionnaire. | * Projector * Google search * Questions on quizzes(www. mathsisfun. com)| HOW DO I MAKE SURE THAT LEARNING HAS TAKE PLACE In order for me to succeed in making my learners to learn, I would need the learners to be reflectors. As it is stated in the webpage of Campaign For Learning â€Å"Reflectors like to stand back and look at a situation from different perspectives. They like to collect data and think about it carefully before coming to any conclusions. They enjoy observing others and will listen to their views before offering their own† (Anon. , n. d) I would need them to reflect onto anything that they do not understand so that I will be able to help them. On the other hand, the students should also be good communicators. As they are many activities planned, I am hoping for the students to also engage well in all activities. According to Penelope Eckert â€Å"†¦engaged learning occurs when people appropriate the learning process in the service of their goals as individuals and as members of society † (n. d) To ensure that the element of active learning which are talking and listening, writing, reading, and reflecting has taken place, I will do summative assessment with them such as quiz and questionnaire based on what I have taught them. At the end, I will conclude what they have learnt since I know their level of knowledge since I have asked them questions before I start my lesson. As it stated in the webpage of University of Michigan, the meaning of active learning is define as â€Å"†¦a process whereby students engage in activities, such as reading, writing, discussion, or problem solving that promote analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of class content†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (n. d). EVALUATION OF MY LESSON PLAN First and foremost, I will self-evaluate myself after I have delivered my lesson. I will also need the help of my learners and Ms R since she is the mentor. I completed a session with my learner’s form where I obtained oral feedback from them. I asked them a few questions to complete the session. As for my Ms R, I would evaluate my lesson after she completes the observation reports and also some oral feedback. I had one-to-one session with Ms R to improve myself as a teacher and I believe that Ms R has given me a lot of beneficial advice. As it is stated that evaluation can be in the form of, â€Å"Formal and informal†¦formal evaluation done after instruction-testing-confirms whether the teacher and students have successfully accomplished the objectives, but its results often come too late to do the students much good†¦. Informal evaluation done during instruction is often the most useful and influential type. † (Anon. , n. d) I agree with the statement. I should always consider three levels of evaluation which is: * How did my learners react to the activity? * What did my learners learn from the activity? * How are my learners performing their role differently? Evaluation procedures must obtain valuable information, whilst being as unobtrusive to the flow of my learners as possible. I faced minor problems while delivering my lesson as I am very new to teaching. One of the problems I faced was giving instruction. According to Susana Maria Li Ruso â€Å"It is essential for teachers to develop an awareness of the importance of clear oral instructions for good class management. † (2002-2003) Ms R told me that I should learn to give a simple instruction since my learners are very young so I have taken her advice and try to improve myself in future. I have attached my observation of feedback, observation of review and observation report done by Ms R as appendix. CONCLUSION I HAVE MADE Since I am trying my best to improve myself as teacher, I would always learn from mistakes that I have made and other teacher’s mistakes that I have been observing. I believe there is always space for improvement so I will never let anything to put me down as teacher to support my learners. Moreover, as a TA who fosters positive relationships with their students create classroom environments more conducive to learning and meet students’ developmental, emotional and academic needs. Such as, my learners will always confront me if they have any problem at home or at school. As it is stated in the webpage of American Psychological Association,   Ã¢â‚¬Å"If a student feels a personal connection to a teacher, experiences frequent communication with a teacher, and receives more guidance and praise than criticism from the teacher, then the student is likely to become more trustful of that teacher, show more engagement in the academic content presented, display better classroom behavior, and achieve at higher levels academically. Positive teacher-student relationships draw students into the process of learning and promote their desire to learn†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (2012). REFERENCING American Psychological Association (2012) Improving Students Relationships with Teachers to Provide Essential Support for Learning, Available at: apa. org/education/k12/relationships. aspx, (date accessed: 12/01/2012) Arthur, F. (n. d) University Of Michigan: Teaching Strategies: Active Learning, Available at: crlt. umich. edu/tstrategies/tsal. php, (date accessed: 10/01/2011) Campaign For Learning (n. d) Reflectors, Available at: campaign-for-learning. org. uk/cfl/yourlearning/whatlearner/reflector. asp (date accessed: 11/01/2012) Eckert, Penelope. (n. d: 6), The School of Engaged Learners: Students Are Engaged Learners, Available at: stanford. edu/~eckert/PDF/SasCEL. pdf, (date accessed: 11/01/2012) EGHS Senior Project, (n. d) What is a Learning Stretch? Available at: https://sites. google. com/site/eghsseniorproject/what-is-a-learning-stretch (date accessed: 10/01/2012) Evaluation (n. d) Evaluation, Available at: http://linguistics. byu. edu/faculty/henrichsenl/lessonplanning/lp_14. html, (date accessed: 07/01/2012) Homeport Training Norfolk, Virginia (n. d) Developing The Lesson Plan: The Importance of a Lesson Plan, Available at: mysdcc. sdccd. edu/Norfolk_Homeport_Training/Instructor_Info/Importance_of_a_Lesson_Plan. htm (date accessed: 10/01/2012) Liruso, Susana Maria (2002 – 2003) ‘Giving Oral Feedback to EFL Young Learners’ Abstract, pp. 38, Available at: encuentrojournal. org/textos/13. 13. pdf, (date accessed: 10/01/2012) Olver, Kimberly. , (2012) Article for Teachers: Class Meetings, Available at: eslteachersboard. com/cgi-bin/articles/index. pl? page=3;read=3554 (date accessed: 09/01/2012) University of Western Australia (2001) Outcomes Based Education and Assessment at UWA, Available at: catl. uwa. edu. au/__data/page/77897/OBE_and_Assessment. pdf (date accessed: 08/01/2012)

4 Pieces of Career Advice You Should Ignore

4 Pieces of Career Advice You Should Ignore I hope you’re coming to this site because you’re seeking solid career advice- and more importantly, that you’re finding it! However, not all career advice is created equal. You should feel free to ignore â€Å"advice† like the tips below. They can seriously hamstring your career path progress or get you stuck in a job that makes you stressed and unhappy.1. â€Å"Do your best to fit in.†Everyone wants job security, and conventional wisdom often tells us that to get it, you should be a cheerful and accommodating member of the team. While being a good team player is going to be necessary in every job you have, that doesn’t mean you have to be a drone who looks, thinks, and acts like everyone else around you. Don’t be afraid to speak up (while still being professional and considerate about it) and be yourself.If you’re afraid to be honest about who you are, or express your ideas, that could be a symptom that the job or the company j ust isn’t the right fit for you. Trying to flatten yourself in the name of getting along will definitely shortchange you in the long run. There could very well be a better fit out there, where the authentic you will be welcomed with open arms.2. â€Å"Follow the money.†To an extent, we’re all mercenary creatures- we have to be, if we want to provide for ourselves and our families (and in my case, a dog with extravagant taste in kibble). That doesn’t mean salary should be the only consideration when accepting or staying at a job. If you’re unhappy or unchallenged at your job but you find that you’re staying there because you’re afraid of earning less elsewhere, that’s a red flag. Think about the minimum salary you’d feel comfortable accepting, if it meant doing a job where you felt the work was meaningful and in line with your goals.3. â€Å"Never turn down an opportunity.†If you applied and interviewed for a job, there’s a good chance you want it. But it’s also possible that during that process, you discovered that the position might not be as great a fit as you expected. They offer you the job anyway- what do you do?It can be hard to say no, especially if it’s a profitable or prestigious upgrade for you. This is a case where you need to listen to your gut. If an opportunity just isn’t right for you, it’s okay to turn it down. Your best interests aren’t just served by your bank account or your job title.4. â€Å"Do what you’re passionate about.†This one sounds great. Who doesn’t want to love their work? In reality, it can be kind of a rabbit hole, where you’re chasing a career path that will never bring you much in the way of fulfillment or stability. If you love music, â€Å"rock star† isn’t the most realistic career goal. If you have an idea for a novel, quitting your job to spend all day at a coffee house with your laptop might not be the wisest decision.If you can find tangible job opportunities in your ideal field, great! Otherwise, maybe a freelance career on the side is the best way to go. Having your passion projects separate from your main career path will help give you balance, while also making sure you can pay the bills.When it comes to any career advice, make sure you’re looking at it in the light of whether it’s best for you. What works for my professional life might not work for yours, and vice versa. It’s always okay to say â€Å"This just isn’t right for me,† and find the strategies that get you where you want to go.

African Americans Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

African Americans - Assignment Example The fact that I chose the incorrect answer to half of the questions on the quiz shows that my knowledge of Native American history, culture and contemporary living conditions could be much better. This might reflect something of an ignorance about these issues in society generally. The figures for suicide attempts among young people were shocking. However, perhaps more surprising still was the fact that within a century of Columbus’ landing in the Americas, over 95% of the Native American population had been wiped out, both through violence and infectious diseases. The inhumane treatment of the existing American population by the first European settlers was quite obviously a terrible and dark period at the beginning of modern American history. That Columbus ordered all those on Haiti who failed to provide sufficient quantities of gold to be killed, and the enslavement of many Native Americans, demonstrates a perception on the part of those early settlers that the Native Americans were inferior beings – a perception which we, living in the 21st century, quite rightly find disturbing and incomprehensible. Perhaps the main thing I learnt is that, while terrible injustices were committed against the Native American populations in past centuries, in many ways the deplorable living conditions in which many of their successors live today means that the period of oppression has not yet been brought to an end. It is sobering to consider that this painful era in our nation’s history continues in some sense. Completing this quiz, and reading the historical and social information it provided, makes me consider myself fortunate to live in an America where all Americans really are citizens. While serious injustices remain, we can at least be confident that the modern US provides a better environment in which they can be resolved. As a business person, I am struck by the inequality of opportunity in our country, with Native American young people

Gay; To Be or Not To Be Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Gay; To Be or Not To Be - Essay Example ut existence throughout my life – I knew that I wanted to keep on existing, and suicide was not something that crossed my mind overly much (no more than any other person who has lived through teenage years, probably). For me the question centered on my sexuality. Who am I? I asked myself, and what am I doing? Am I gay? These are questions that troubled me for much of my growth, and I spent a great portion of my development denying who I was. To be gay, or not to be gay, I asked myself, without even realizing that the question in being asked was probably answered. It is not like I was a child of the fifties or sixties, growing up in a time when being gay was the greatest sin one could ever imagine. By the time I had graduated high school it was the late eighties, and gay rights activists were already marching down streets in San Francisco and New York, academics were discussing a new Queer politic that was emerging, and gay people everywhere were being told â€Å"come out, you have nothing to fear.† But the problem is that this conception of being gay and coming out, that you know it internally but choose to hide it from society, is not something that actually happens very often. Before even having the option of â€Å"coming out† to friends and relatives, you have to have a great internal dialogue with yourself, and find out who you are. Doing this alone in your teens is not an easy thing, not by a long shot. I remember the first time I had an inkling that I might not be like everyone else (or at least, how I thought everyone else was – looking back now I’m sure I knew many closeted gay people growing up.) I was just entering the ninth grade, a time when many people are first learning about their sexuality, and I looked across my homeroom classroom at a close friend who was sitting their, wearing spaghetti straps (I had a somewhat lenient school) and cleavage somewhat exposed. Now this was someone who I had known for almost my entire life, and a

Go therefore and make disciples of all nations Essay Example for Free

Go therefore and make disciples of all nations Essay Go therefore and make disciples of all nations. Matthew 28.14. What does this command of Jesus mean? Thomas Kee 9/10 In todays society people can make others into disciples without realising it. The world relies on a few people to act as examples and model Christians to set an example for others. These are people like Mother Teresa who stepped aside from the normal routine of life to give up theirs to help others. In 1948 Mother Teresa was granted permission to leave her post at the convent and begin a ministry among the sick. In 1952 Mother Teresa opened the Nirmal Hriday (Pure Heart) Home for Dying Destitutes in Calcutta. Subsequently she extended her work to five continents. The rich young man ( Matthew 19:16-30), A wealthy Jew asked Jesus what he needs to do to receive eternal life. Jesus answers him that he needs to obey the commandments. The man then asks him what he needs to do to be perfect. Jesus answered him that he needs to give up everything he owns and to follow Jesus. However, the man refused and walked away sadly. This story is an example of someone who cannot give up all his money to be a true disciple, but people like mother Teresa who give up everything they have to help the sick, poor and those in need. By doing this they help people on the road to discipleship by acting as examples. Happy are those who are humble, You can lead people on the road to discipleship by being a good Christian. You dont have to preach to them and show off how holy you are, but be kind, generous and helpful and they will learn from you. People can recognize you and learn how to be a good disciple from you, if you do missionary work in another country. If you have the money and time you could go to a poor country and set up a school or a hospital. For some this can be too much, so even small sponsorships or helping the local parish can set an example to others and make them think how they can help. By helping your local church you can set an example, you could help the priest in preparing the sermons or you could read at masses, Happy are those who are spiritually poor. Matthew 5v3 You dont have to make a great scene, but try to be discreet and people will recognize you. Those who are ashamed of me I will be ashamed of them on the last day. By standing up and defending the church against those who oppose it, others will notice you and follow you as an example. Thomas Kee 10/10 There are many people who have taken up the challenge of doing great good; each and every one of them is a great example to the world. Happy are those who are prosecuted for doing what God requires. Terry Waite was a special envoy to the Archbishop of Canterbury. He was a negotiator who was trying to free hostages in Lebanon but was taken hostage himself. For five years he was chained to a tiny cell 23 hours of the day. Throughout this time he didnt lose his faith I am not a man who wears his faith on his sleeves, Ive never believed it is an insurance policy: we dont live in a just or fair world. If you have faith you can say suffering neednt destroy, that something good can emerge from it. But faith is there to shape your life, not to give you special protection. Terry Waite Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, This commandment can present a problem in modern day context. Although it is the word of God, people may not be interested in the teachings of Christianity. For It is Gods wish and command that people should preach the word of God. By preaching you are giving others the chance to receive eternal life. There is nothing bad about Christianity, its morals are all good. People are not forced to become Christian, they have the choice. Against You may want to discover Christianity for yourself, you may not want it told to you. Preaching may put people off. It is wrong to force it onto people. In some countries it is illegal to be a practicing Christian. By preaching Christianity in these countries you are encouraging them to break the law. I believe it is a Christians duty to go out into the world spreading the teachings of Jesus Christ. However I understand that people will not always welcome Christianity into their lives. It is probably true that actions speak louder than words and by setting an example by being a good Christian is more effective then preaching in spreading the word of God. Bibliography Encarta 99 Class notes The Bible

Philosophical Theantropy as the Principle of Religious Ecumenism :: Biblical Religion Christianity Essays

Philosophical Theantropy as the Principle of Religious Ecumenism ABSTRACT: One universal constituent element of human consciousness is belief in the existence of a divine reality that is experienced by persons as the most intimate and essential part of human life. Belief in transcendent reality, which is an immanent part of human nature, constitutes an awe-inspiring mystery (mysterium fascinans et tremens) — that is, a theantropy. Strictly speaking, ‘theantropy’ is a theological term which is used to express the "union of the divine and human natures in Christ" (as defined by Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary). The novum of my understanding of theantropy consists in the application of the concept to the phenomenological experience of the religious consciousness of humanity. Henceforth, I designate theantropy to mean an ontic union and an inherent disposition of the ‘human’ and ‘divine’ constituents in/of every human being. I will examine and reflect on theantropy as the philosophical principle of religious ecumenism as well as compare various solutions of theantropy not only with regard to a particular system of beliefs, but as it is experienced in each and every human being by following Augustine’s principle: "In interiorem hominem redi: ibi habitat Deus" (or in "intimor intimo meo"). In each and every human being, there is a specific polarization between the human and the divine dimensions, which one can call theantropy. In the strict sense 'theantropy' is a theological term, and is employed to express "the union of the divine and human natures in Christ." The novum of this author's understanding of the term 'theantropy' consists of the application of this concept to the phenomenological experience of religious consciousness of man. Henceforth, in this paper, 'theantropy' means "an ontic union and an inherent disposition of the 'human' and the 'divine' constituents in/of each and every human being." Theantropy so understood, can be described as a perpetual striving of man for unity with the 'Inner-Word' of human soul for establishing one spiritual oikoumenÈ of all people into one divine community of believers (Cf I Pe.:2,5; Eph.:2,19; I Tim.:3.15; He.:3,6; etc.). Referring to the Gospel of St. John, St. Augustine writes: I implore you to love with me and, by believing, to run with me; let us long for our heavenly country , let us sigh for our heavenly home, let us truly feel that here we are strangers. What shall we then see? Let the gospel tell us: 'In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the Word was God. Philosophical Theantropy as the Principle of Religious Ecumenism :: Biblical Religion Christianity Essays Philosophical Theantropy as the Principle of Religious Ecumenism ABSTRACT: One universal constituent element of human consciousness is belief in the existence of a divine reality that is experienced by persons as the most intimate and essential part of human life. Belief in transcendent reality, which is an immanent part of human nature, constitutes an awe-inspiring mystery (mysterium fascinans et tremens) — that is, a theantropy. Strictly speaking, ‘theantropy’ is a theological term which is used to express the "union of the divine and human natures in Christ" (as defined by Webster’s New Collegiate Dictionary). The novum of my understanding of theantropy consists in the application of the concept to the phenomenological experience of the religious consciousness of humanity. Henceforth, I designate theantropy to mean an ontic union and an inherent disposition of the ‘human’ and ‘divine’ constituents in/of every human being. I will examine and reflect on theantropy as the philosophical principle of religious ecumenism as well as compare various solutions of theantropy not only with regard to a particular system of beliefs, but as it is experienced in each and every human being by following Augustine’s principle: "In interiorem hominem redi: ibi habitat Deus" (or in "intimor intimo meo"). In each and every human being, there is a specific polarization between the human and the divine dimensions, which one can call theantropy. In the strict sense 'theantropy' is a theological term, and is employed to express "the union of the divine and human natures in Christ." The novum of this author's understanding of the term 'theantropy' consists of the application of this concept to the phenomenological experience of religious consciousness of man. Henceforth, in this paper, 'theantropy' means "an ontic union and an inherent disposition of the 'human' and the 'divine' constituents in/of each and every human being." Theantropy so understood, can be described as a perpetual striving of man for unity with the 'Inner-Word' of human soul for establishing one spiritual oikoumenÈ of all people into one divine community of believers (Cf I Pe.:2,5; Eph.:2,19; I Tim.:3.15; He.:3,6; etc.). Referring to the Gospel of St. John, St. Augustine writes: I implore you to love with me and, by believing, to run with me; let us long for our heavenly country , let us sigh for our heavenly home, let us truly feel that here we are strangers. What shall we then see? Let the gospel tell us: 'In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God and the Word was God.

French Impressionism and Post Impressionism in the late

French Impressionism and Post Impressionism in the late 19th C. Ornery Before the emergence of Impressionism we can see a major political and social transition in central Europe which has demonstrable artistic and literary consequences. The major aspects of this change include: The ICC industrial expansion which took away opportunities of individual farming and craft practice and replaced them with paid labor in factories. Governments across Europe are exploring constitutional formulas that attempt to balance the polarities of social right and material progress.Religious institutions are trying to absorb new scientific knowledge and social theory against the fabric of ancient scriptures. In France specifically we see the emergence of political instability with various Governments and various forms of government rising and succeeding another between the absolute monarchy that ends with Louis the XVI in 1789 and Napoleons expansionist empire building which begins in 1851 with a coup d'  ©tat and comes to a close in 1870.Amongst these turbulent years we see political outcomes that range from â€Å"reign of terror†, constitutional monarchy, a republic, a royal serration and a socialist commune as well as the Napoleonic empire. During this turbulent social and political era we also have Marx and Angels issuing the communist manifesto in 1848 and Darning's revolutionary publication † Origin of the species† in 1859. Painters have now access to synthetic chemical pigments developed by modern science which replace the old-fashioned organic pigments.The new pigments often have greater luminosity and brilliance. Lithography makes possible low-cost reproductions which allows artists to reach a new public with prints of their work. The same technology also brings about the newspaper and the low-cost novel. In every case, individual ideas can now be â€Å"broadcast† and disseminated amongst a more diverse audience than previously. Aestheticism also can be printed and distributed widely. The previous ties between knowledge (as apart from education) and class-structure are being stretched much further.Painters and poets who had not long before escaped reality as such with flights to the exotic and romantic dreamless that typify the Neo-classic and Romantic styles and periods, are returning to the here and now. Balzac and Dickens are writing social critique, Dandier and Courier paint the social underdog in a style that creates social impact because of it's convincing realist treatment and the genre of subject-matter. We can see painters slowly turning towards the great cities for inspiration and subject- matter and a dominance of the artificial over the natural.The growing need in this new social climate for artists to achieve immediacy of expression mean that we see them going outdoors to paint, using smaller canvasses out of necessity and speeding up the process of recording and depiction. The impressionist style of painting i s characterized chiefly by concentration on the general impression produced by a scene or object and the use of unmixed primary colors and small strokes to simulate actual reflected light.Impressionism, (French â€Å"Impressionism†), a major movement, first in painting and later in music, that developed chiefly in France during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Impressionist painting comprises the work produced between about 1867 and 1886 by a group of artists who shared a set of related approaches and techniques. The most conspicuous characteristic of Impressionism was an attempt to accurately and objectively record visual reality in terms of transient effects of light and color.The principal Impressionist painters were: Claude Monet Pierre Augusta Renoir Camille Pissarro Alfred Sisley Berth Morison Armband Glutamine and FRR ©d ©rich Bacilli who worked together, influenced each other, and exhibited together and independently. Edgar Degas and Paul C ©Zane also pai nted in an Impressionist style for a time in the early sass. The established painter ?dotard Meant, whose work in the sass greatly influenced Monet and others of the group, himself adopted the Impressionist approach about 1873.The word ‘ ‘impressionist† was printed for the first time in the Charier on the 15 April 1874 by Louis Leroy(deed), after Claude Motet's landscape entitled Impressions: sole eleven [Impressions]. This word was used to call Exposition des Impressionist an exhibit held in the salons of the photographer Nadir and organized by the â€Å"Socio ©t © anemone des painters, sculptures et gravers† ‘Anonymous society of painters, sculptors and engravers†], composed of Pissarro, Monet, Sisley, Degas, Renoir, C ©Zane, Glutamine and Berth Morison.The popular press, predictably (the more things change†¦ Had a field day making fun of the impressionists. For example, Louis Leroy who wrote as the art-critic for the El Charier repo rted on April 25th that his companion at the opening, a noted academic (identity not disclosed) had made the following sarcastic remark: â€Å"Impressionism- I was certain of it. I was Just telling yeses that, since I was impressed, there had to be some impression in it†¦ And what freedom, what ease of workmanship!Wallpaper in it's embryonic state is more finished than that seascape† Edmond Tyranny (La Novel Painter, The new painting, 1876) on the other hand eve high praise to the Impressionists: they have†¦ Succeeded in breaking down sunlight into rays, it's elements, and to reconstitute it's unity by meaner of the general harmony of spectrum colors which they spread on their canvasses†¦. The most learned physicist could find nothing to criticize in their analysis of light.The Founders The founders of this society were animated by the will to break with the official art. The official theory that the color should be dropped pure on the canvas instead of getting mixed on the palette will only be respected by a few of them and only for a people of years. In fact, the Impressionism is a lot more a state of the mind than a technique; thus artists other than painters have also been qualified of impressionists. Many of these painters ignore the law of simultaneous contrast as established by Chevrolet in 1823.The expressions ‘ ‘independents† or ‘ ‘open air painters† may be more appropriate than ‘ ‘impressionists† to qualify those artists continuing a tradition inherited from Eugene Delicacies, who thought that the drawing and colors were a whole, and English landscape painters, Constable, Bonito and especially William Turner, hose first law was the observation of nature, as for landscape painters working in Barbarian and in the Fontainebleau forest.Eugene Boudoir, Satanists L ©pine and the Dutch Jointing were among the forerunners of the movement. In 1858, Eugene Boudoir met in Honolulu Cla ude Monet, aged about 1 5 years. He brought him to the seashore, gave him colors untaught him how to observe the changing lights on the Seine estuary. In those years, Boudoir is still the minor painter of the Pardon De Saints-Anne-la-papal, but is on the process of getting installed on the Normandy coast to paint the beaches of Trouble and El Have.On the C ¶et De Gar ¤CE, in the Saint-Simi ©on farm, he attracts many painters including Courier, Bacilli, Monet, Sisley. The last three will meet in Paris in the free Glare studio, and in 1863 they will discover a porcelain painter, Augusta Renoir. At the same time, other artists wanted to bypass the limitations attached to the Cole des Beaux-Arts and were working aqua des Roof ©verse in the Swiss Academy; the eldest, from the Danish West Indies, was Camille Pissarro; the other two were Paul C ©Zane and Armband Glutamine.El ‘ ‘Salon des Refuse ©s† The French people were highly impressed by the works of Detour ed Meant, and came outraged when they learned that he was refused for the 1863 Salon. The indignation was so high among the artistic population that Napoleon Ill allowed the opening off ‘ ‘Salon des Refuse ©s†, where Meant, Pissarro, Jointing, Calls, Centuries, Faint-Layout, etc. Showed their works. El D ©Jejune sure leered provoked a great enthusiasm among the young painters, who saw represented in Manatee's painting many of their concerns.They started meeting around him in the cafe © Grubbers, 9, avenue De Chicly, and thus creating l' ©Cole des Buttonholes. The 1866 Salon accepted the works of some of them: Degas, Bacilli, Berth Morison, Sisley; Monet exposed the portrait of Camille, Pissarro, less Boards De la Manner en hive; Meant, C ©Zane, Renoir were refused, and Mile Cola wrote in elopement a diatribe which made him the official upholder of those newcomers bearing an more revolutionary attitude in the conception than in the still traditional painti ng.The main distinction lies in the attraction for color and the liking of light; but Berth Morison remained faithful to Manatee's teaching; Degas was mixed between his admiration of Ingress and the Italian Renaissance painters; C ©Zane attempted to fairer du Poisson sure nature†; Claude Monet himself, in la Terraces AU Have and less Femmes AU Jarring (1866, Louvre, sales du Jew De Puma), is far from announcing his future audacity. The 1870 war The 1870 war split up those beginners.FRR ©d ©rich Bacilli was killed in Bean-la- Rolando; Renoir was embroiled; Degas volunteered; C ©Zane retired in Provence; Pissarro, Monet and Sisley moved to London, where they met Paul Duran-Rule. This stay in London is a major step in the evolution of Impressionism, both because these young artists met there their first merchant, and because they discovered Turner's nettings, whose light analysis will mark them. Back in Paris, most of these painters went to work in Argentines (Monet, Reno ir), Chateau (Renoir), Marry (Sisley), or on the banks of the river Jose (Pissarro, Glutamine, C ©Zane).Detoured Meant painted the Seine with Claude Monet and, under his influence, adopted the open air work. The opinion of the public Duran-Rule was unable to sell the works of the future impressionists and had to cease buying in 1873; thus, next year, they decided to expose in Nadir's (1 5 April-1 5 May 1874), where they displayed the works that the Salon had refused. They invited with no success Meant, but L ©pine, Boudoir, Breadcrumbs the engraver, Starts the sculptor, and the painters Calls, De Nits, Henry Route, etc.Joined them. Many artists became then conscious of the public and critics incomprehension, but the solidarity didn't last long. C ©Zane didn't participate in the group second exhibit, galleria Duran-Rule, rue El Paltrier, in 1876, which hold 24 Degas and works from Berth Morison, Claude Monet, Augusta Renoir, Pissarro, Sisley and FRR ©d ©rich Bacilli. They m et some upholders, such as Tyranny, Armband Silver, Philippe Burry, Mile Bal ©mood, Georges Rive ©re, soon tit The ©adore Turret.The disappearance of C ©Zane, Renoir, Sisley, Berth Morison in the 1879 exhibit proved that the group was splitting apart. Renoir preferred to send to the official Salon Mme Carpenters et sees infants and the Portrait of Jeanne Samara; yet only few people admired his artworks and of those of his friends, and the artilleries was uneasy, if not miserable. Degas tried, with Pissarro, to maintain the unity of the group, but his attempt failed since Monet, Sisley and Renoir were missing for the fifth exhibit, opened in April 1880; however, artworks room Gauguin appeared there for the first time.In 1881, some of the Impressionists went back to Nadir's: Pissarro, Degas, Glutamine, Berth Morison. The ‘ ‘seventh exhibition of independent artists† was the become the ‘Salon des mind ©pendants† two years later. Only Monet and Si sley continued to Journey deeper into the analysis of the changing moods of light and their effects on objects. Degas, Renoir and C ©Zane headed towards other painterly pursuits, whereas Pissarro was interested by the researches of Paul Gauguin, Georges Serrate, Paul Signal.At this stage, Impressionists were coming biblically appreciated, but their situation was still harsh; the Salon continued to refuse their paintings, and in 1894, 25 out of 65 artworks donated by Collaborate to the Luxembourg museum were rejected. Yet, when Camille Pissarro, the Impressionist patriarch, died in 1903, everybody agreed that this movement was the main Sixth century artistic revolution, and that all its members were among the finest painters.The influence of the Impressionists was great out of France, especially in Germany, with Liebermann, Corinth, and in Belgium. The first of the eight Impressionist exhibitions was held in 1874: Included were the following artists (and others) 1840-1926 Claude Mo net (lived 86 years) 1831-1903 Camille Pissarro (lived arrears) 1841-1919 Pierre August Renoir (lived 78 years) 1834-1917 Edgar Degas (lived 83 years) 1834-1903 James A.Mac Neil Whistler (lived 69 years) 1864-1901 Henry Marie Raymond De Toulouse-Ululate (lived 37 years) 1839-1899 Alfred Sisley (lived 60 years) 1839-1906 Paul C ©cane (lived 67 years) Glutamine 1824- 1898 Egg ©en Boudoir (lived 74 years) 1841-1895 Berth Morison * (lived 56 years) * Berth Morison was the only female painter to participate in the 1874 exhibition (as ell as , 1882 and 1886 exhibitions). She was Joined later by another female painter, the American Mary Cast (1844-1926) who exhibited in the and 1886 exhibitions.Note: Artists listed in green can be said to have only had a dubious relationship to the Impressionist ideal during the sass's (especially C ©Zane) The other seven Expressionist exhibitions were held in and 1886 Less closely connected with the Impressionists were Henry De Toulouse-Ululate and Dillon Redone. Concerned with perceptive portraiture and decorative effect, Toulouse-Ululate used the vivid contrasting colors of Impressionism in flat areas enclosed by a distinct, sinuous outline.Redo's still-life floras were somewhat Impressionistic, but his other works are more linear and Symbolist. In general, Postmodernists led away from a naturalistic approach and toward the two major movements of early 20th-century art that superseded it: Cubism and Fauvism, which sought to evoke emotion through color and line. Post-impressionism Post-impressionism is a movement of major importance in Western painting. As a movement it represents both, an extension of Impressionism, and a rejection of that style's inherent limitations.The term Post-impressionism was coined by the English art critic Roger Fry for the work of such late 19th-century painters as Paul C ©Zane, Georges Serrate, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Henry De Toulouse-Ululate, and others. All of these painters except va n Gogh were French, and most of them began as Impressionists; each of them abandoned the style, however, to form his own highly personal art. Impressionism was based, in its strictest sense, on the objective recording of nature in terms of the fugitive effects of color and light.The Vivisectionists rejected his limited aim in favor of more ambitious expression, admitting their debt, however, to the pure, brilliant colors of Impressionism, its freedom from traditional subject matter, and its technique of defining form with short brushstrokes of broken color. The work of these painters formed a basis for several contemporary trends and for modern art in general. After a phase of uneasy dissension among the Impressionists, Paul C ©Zane withdrew from the movement in 1878 in order â€Å"to make of Impressionism something solid and durable like the art of the museums. In contrast to the passing show evicted by the Impressionists, his approach imbued landscape and still life with a monu mental permanence and coherence. He abandoned the Impressionists' virtuoso depiction of evanescent light effects in his preoccupation with the underlying structures of natural forms and the problem of unifying surface patterns with spatial depth. His art was the major inspiration for Cubism, which was concerned primarily with depicting the structure of objects.In 1884, at the Salon des Mind ©pendants in Paris, Georges Serrate revealed an intention similar to C ©cane's with paintings that wowed more attention to composition than those of the Impressionists and that delved into the science of color. Taking as a point of departure the Impressionist practice of using broken color to suggest shimmering light, he sought to achieve luminosity through optical formulas, placing side by side tiny bits of contrasting color chosen to blend from a distance into a dominant color.This extremely theoretical technique, called Pointillism, was adopted by a number of contemporary painters and form ed the basis of the style of painting known as Neo-lonesomeness The Vivisectionists often exhibited together but, unlike the Impressionists who were a close-knit, convivial group, they painted mainly alone. C ©Zane painted in isolation at Xix-en-Provence in southern France; his solitude was matched by that of Gauguin, who in 1891 took up residence in Tahiti, and of Van Gogh, who painted in the countryside at Arles.Both Gauguin and van Gogh rejected the indifferent objectivity of Impressionism in favor of a more personal, spiritual expression. After exhibiting with the Impressionists in 1886, Gauguin renounced â€Å"the abominable error of naturalism. With the young painter ?mile Bernard, he led a self-conscious return to the aesthetic of primitive art, for which he believed imagination and ideas were the primary inspiration and the representation of nature merely a vehicle for their expression.Copying the pure, flat color, heavy outline, and decorative quality of medieval stained glass and manuscript illumination, the two artists explored the expressive potential of pure color and line, Gauguin especially using exotic and sensuous color harmonies to poetically depict the Athenians he eventually lived among. Arriving in Paris in 1886, the Dutch painter Vincent van Gogh quickly adapted Impressionist techniques and color to express his acutely felt emotions.

Reflective Statement Essay

How I create a positive learning environment A positive learning environment are trust, open communication and shared learning experiences.Trainer is one who can create a positive learning environment, which will allow the students to feel comfortable, safe and engaged – something that all students deserve. I applied some factors that build a positive learning environment. Adult learners require the learning to be relevant, are highly motivated, need active involvement in the learning process, a variety of learning experiences, positive feedback, need to be recognized as individuals with unique experiences, to maintain their self-esteem. A positive learning environment requires the involvement of learners – to ask questions and feedback, encourage discussions, group and individual activities, group discussions, visual aids, role plays. The effective trainer helps to create the positive learning environment when using a variety of techniques for providing positive feedback. To provide positive feedback is to give verbal praise, to use positive responses during questioning, recognize appropriate skills. Be sure to treat the participants as individuals when using participant names, to involve all participants as often as possible, to treat participants with respect, to allow participants to share information with others, to maintain the self-esteem of learners with reinforcing practices and beliefs embodied in the activity, providing corrective feedback in an appropriate manner, providing training that adds to their sense of competence and self-esteem, recognizing participants accomplishments. The feedback I received from learner participants The feedback I receive is very positive. The learners rated all of the activities very highly. Content – is rated 4.6 from 5 which is Excellent. Organization – is rated 4.0 from 5 which is Very Good. Use of instructional aids – is rated 4.4 from 5 which is near Excellent. Creating interest in topic – is rated 4.8 from 5 which is Excellent. Involvement of participants – is rated 4.4 from 5 which is near Excellent. Met my needs – is rated 3.8 from 5 which is near Very Good. Suitable to my level of experience – is rated 4.2 from 5 which is Very Good. Interesting – is rated 4.4 from 5 which is near Excellent. Included sufficient examples – is rated 4.6 from 5 which is Excellent. Understandable -is rated 4.2 from 5 which is Very Good. This lead to conclude that activities provides interesting information. The feedback I received it is very useful and helping me to understand where I can develop my lessons in further. My perceptions of the effectiveness of the activity I felt engaged and that the content of the learning material was interesting and meaningful. The explanations given helped me to clarify and remember ideas, and the activities gave a way to remember the information in a clear way. That makes a difference in understanding the material, because I can see the strategies in action instead of just reading about them. The results of the team work activities are beneficial towards learning process and helps enhance learning process. Looking at the picture as a whole, one of the most valuable things is just sharing experiences with other participants. Because you just learn so much from each other. I think the whole focus behind the effectiveness of the activity it has made me reflect a lot more on my own practice and future development. 2 recommendations to improve my future performance

Motivational Strategies of Microsoft Essay Example

Motivational Strategies of Microsoft Essay Example Motivational Strategies of Microsoft Paper Motivational Strategies of Microsoft Paper Essay Topic: Bishop the Fish Introduction Microsoft has become one of the giants in the high tech field. Microsoft has become a household word which started in January of 1975 when Bill Gates, a sophomore at Harvard, starting writing software to enhance the use of personal computers. The company has grown from its humble beginnings to the software giant the company has now become. Microsoft uses employee empowerment, the company’s ability to foster teamwork, and creative incentives and rewards to motivate the company’s employees to be productive. Employee Empowerment Microsoft is a company well known for its innovation in software and technology. However, Microsoft is also a company that has remarkable innovation in regard to employee empowerment. Microsoft realizes that without its employees they are nothing and to keep these employees within the company, thinking up new ideas and creating revenue they need to feel empowered. Not only empowered but also a sense of trust in their management. Microsoft values their employees so much that they entrust recruitment of new employees to current employees. The mantra â€Å"Spread the Love,† which speaks to employees spreading the word about Microsoft, as well as the recruiting organization giving back to our employees to enable and recognize their ambassadorship† (McLeish, J. 2008). This speaks highly of both Microsoft employees and management. This statement, made by a Microsoft executive, lets it be known that they have an abundance of confidence in their employees so much so that they lo ok to them to recruit future employees. That is empowerment at its finest. Letting ones employees know that they trust them to bring the best of the best to the company and shape the future of the company is a big responsibility and Microsoft does this willingly. The preceding example is only one way in which Microsoft empowers their employees. Microsoft knows that an empowered employee means an employee who is well taken care of and knows his or her value to the company. Microsoft takes this philosophy to the extreme with tremendous benefits and options for its employees. Microsoft has outstanding stock options for its employees. Nothing empowers employees more than owning part of what they are working for. This makes employees feel like they are not just putting forth all their energy for some top executives but themselves as well because they own part of the company. This also motivates them to work harder and be loyal to the company. Microsoft allows employees to buy from 1% to 15% of the employee’s after-tax salary to purchase Microsoft stock at a 10% discounted rate (Microsoft official webpage). Microsoft offers many other financial benefits to its employees however; the preceding example is the most relevant to employee empowerment. The company also offers an extensive medical package to its employees. Microsoft offers a web page to its employees so they may see all their current and past medical information. This web page puts the employees in real control of what is going on with their healthcare and expenses. The web page also offers a link to refill prescriptions. This is an important factor in employee empowerment because it let’s employees feel more secure about their and their families’ healthcare, which helps to empower them at work and in their daily life. In conjunction with this Microsoft also offers an employee 24-hour health help line and an employee assistance program, which offers counseling to its employees. Lastly, Microsoft offers excellent benefits for those employees with families or those who want to start a family. The company offers paid maternity leave, parental leave for fathers. Microsoft also offers dependent care flexible spending account, adoption assistance, childcare discounts, family care backup, and resource referral services. All these programs help employees believe that no matter the circumstance their company has a program or service to help them take care of their family and personal needs and this instills a real sense of empowerment. Not only do employees need to feel a real sense of empowerment from excellent benefit packages but also from trusting their management. Microsoft does this by providing every opportunity to all employees. The message that Microsoft sends to its employees is that they can trust that everything will be handled is the best way that they know how. Just reading all the options and benefits that are available to employees it becomes easy for one to see that Microsofts management cares about its employees. In a statement Microsoft states how important to them as a company that their employees are happy and well taken care of, this instills trust within the mployees to know they are cared for. â€Å"Microsoft benefits are generous and personalized, to give our employees the coverage they need to keep them healthy and happy (Microsoft official webpage). † It would be hard for an employee to not trust an employer who does care so much about their happiness not just at work but also at home. Microsoft knows that in order for employees to be successful at work they need to be more than just happy with their job, but rathe r with their lives and Microsoft helps their employees achieve that. Microsoft’s ability to foster teamwork Not only does the motivational strategy that is used by Microsoft put an emphasis on the empowerment of it’s employees, Microsoft has also found success with motivating employees by encouraging and implementing teamwork. A key ingredient to the continued success of Microsoft has been in the company’s ability to foster teamwork. Microsoft’s motivational strategy of fostering teamwork among its employees has produced a workplace that values the employee and recognizes the employee’s competency level and reliability. As stated in an article written by Steve McConnell, â€Å"Motivating yourself and other employees is part of the Microsoft corporate culture. Microsoft doesn’t have an explicit practice of asking team members to commit or â€Å"sign up† for a project, but it isn’t uncommon for an employee who expresses doubt about meeting a deadline to be asked whether he or she is signed up. Microsoft avoids the problem of phony-sounding management motivational speeches because as often as not, the question doesn’t come from a manager; it comes from the person who will have to do the work if the person in question doesn’t do it. (McConnell, 1996) Microsoft has strategically designed the workplace that makes every employee an important asset to the team process. Through the encouragement of teamwork Microsoft is able to influence the morale and motivational level of the employee by recognizing the skills, reliability, and level of competency each employee contribut es to the team concept. Unlike other companies that demand the presence of management with everything that goes on within the workplace, management at Microsoft recognizes the ability and competency of the employee and more often than not will allow the employee to make critical or key decisions. The recognition of the employee’s ability also provides the employee with an opportunity to learn and grow, two ingredients critical for morale and employee satisfaction. Employees at Microsoft also understand that the company trusts in the ability of the employee to perform. This trust between the company and the employee obligates the employee to perform at the highest level possible. The company of Microsoft also understands that as technology continues to advance the companies hugest asset, the employee, will help propel the company into the future to remain competitive and successful. As stated on the Microsoft home page, â€Å"At Microsoft, we’re motivated and inspired everyday by how our customers use of software to find creative solutions to business problems, develop break through ideas, and stay connected to what’s important to them. We are committed long term to the mission of helping our customers realize their full potential. Just as we constantly update and improve our products, we want to continually evolve our company to be in the best position to accelerate new technologies as they emerge and to better serve our customers. (Microsoft, 2008) By allowing the team to explore new ideas and improve the components on existing products the company is able to indirectly inspire the employee through creativity and vision. The company of Microsoft also will motivate the team member through accountability and reliability. Microsoft prides itself on the reliability of its product and similar to the company’s product dependability the company also stresses the importance of the reliability of its employee. This teamwork concept motivates the employee to contribute to the team process and suggest new ideas. Microsoft also understands that by encouraging teamwork within the workplace and among employees has a direct affect on morale and motivation as employee have a tendency to motivate one another to perform. Employees are motivated to perform understanding that in order for Microsoft to be profitable and successful every team member must put forth the maximum effort and contribute to the overall team process. As stated in an article by Charles Duncan, â€Å"Teamwork is often overlooked but is something which must be given a high priority and to which attention must be paid. Every member must understand the importance of working together in a unified and coherent manner if the effort is to be successful. Each member of the team must be dedicated to the whole, be willing to act in an unselfish manner, and committed to the success of the project. When challenges arise, as they most certainly always do, the team must have the resources, accountability, and commitment to deal with the issues in a constructive and positive manner. This philosophy of team work is essential and will play an integral role in the success of the project. (Duncan, 2007) Microsoft has been successful in recognizing the important role that each member plays to the team concept and shows the employee that the skills, ability, and level of performance that is brought to the workplace, on a daily basis, is critical to the efficiency and productivity of the company. Unbeknownst to the employee this concept of team benefits the company in several ways. Not only is the team concept cost ef fective for the company, Microsoft also uses this team concept as a motivational strategy to inspire and drive employees to perform at the highest level possible. Creativity with rewards and incentives Microsoft has a large amount of benefits and rewards for employees to keep them motivated and retain the brightest of the high tech industry. â€Å"The company has long touted its benefits package as the best in the high-tech industry, and most of the items on the long list ranging from the 401(k) matching program to full medical coverage to free health-club membership remain unchanged despite the latest adjustments. † (Bishop, 2004). The type of Extrinsic Motivation used at Microsoft keeps employees motivated. The benefits are different from rewards because every employee is given the benefits just for working at Microsoft. The benefits are to attach and retain a large pool of talented workers to the high tech company. Microsoft does not use just monetary rewards as a standard reward for hard work. They expand on every opportunity to go above and beyond to keep the employees motivated. â€Å"Money isnt the only way to motivate employees to work harder or smarter. Perhaps youve got a young parent working for you who could benefit from flexible hours or the opportunity to work from home one day a week. Maybe your salesperson has just put in a lot of long days to make a big deal happen and would prefer extra time off to a bonus. When you show youre willing to be flexible to meet your employees needs youll likely discover your employees will reward you† (Motivate Your Employees to Help You Succeed). Microsoft uses different extrinsic rewards based on the situation. The different needs of an employee can be used to motivate an employee on a case by case basis. The benefits Microsoft gives employees like flexible hours, paid healthcare, and free sodas have to be managed wisely. Microsoft has in the last few years slowed in revenue growth thus forcing Microsoft to cutback on the benefits employees receive. â€Å"Microsoft Corp. renowned for its industry-leading employee benefits, plans to scale back in some areas as part of a broader effort to cut costs and improve its profit margin even as revenue growth slows. Dont worry, the soft drinks in the break rooms are still free. But the company yesterday said it will reduce the discount employees receive when they buy Microsoft stock, shrink the window in whic h they can take their four weeks of paid parental leave, require a co-payment when they choose brand-name prescription drugs over approved generic equivalents and trim the vacation time received by new hires† (Bishop, 2004). The motivation of the decrease in benefits could work in two ways. The positive effect would the employees could cut cost as they can to increase operating cash flow or the employees become more productive. The negative affects can be employees leaving the company for a different job or the employees could become resentful toward the company. Conclusion In conclusion, Microsoft has different ways to motivate employees. Microsoft uses employee empowerment, the company’s ability to foster teamwork, and creative incentives and rewards to motivate the company’s employees to be productive. With the motivation factors listed, Microsoft has become one of the top high tech companies in the world today. â€Å"Bringing together the right information with the right people will dramatically improve a companys ability to develop and act on strategic business opportunities† (Gates). The right motivation given to the right people will improve a company too. Microsoft has found the motivation to keep some of the brightest employees in the high tech field though the use of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations. References Bishop, T. (2004, May 20). Microsoft Trims Benefits to Cut Costs. Retrieved April 26, 2008, from Seattlepi. com Web site: http://seattlepi. nwsource. com/business/174131_msftbenefit20. html Duncan, C. (2007, September 26). The Concept of Team in the Work Place. Retrieved April 27, 2008, from associatedcontent. com Gates, B. (n. d. ). Employee Quotations.. Retrieved April 28, 2008, from AfterQuotes Web site: afterquotes. com/great/quotes/employee. htm McConnell, S. (1996, September/October). Microsoft: A Highly Motivated Environment. Retrieved April 27, 2008, from http://stevemcconnell. com McLeish, J. (2008). Microsoft Leverages Engaged Employees to â€Å"Spread the Word†. Retrieved April 26, 2008, from, www. employeefactor. com. Microsoft (2008). Microsofts Business. Retrieved April 27, 2008, from microsoft. com Motivate Your Employees to Help You Succeed. (n. d. ). Retrieved April 26, 2008, from Microsoft Web site: microsoft. com/australia/smallbusiness/themes/build-your-business/motivate-your-employees-to-help-you-succeed. mspx